What truly constitutes happiness? It’s a mystery that has intrigued great minds for centuries, and yet it is as hard to define as ever. In our contemporary world, where we’re always overwhelmed by images of the "dream lifestyle," figuring out what happiness means can seem like chasing a mirage. But have no fear, the study of philosophy has been exploring this question for centuries, and examining its history can provide valuable insights into how we define true happiness.
The philosophers of Ancient Greece were some of the first to explore in-depth the philosophy of happiness. Aristotle, for example, believed that true happiness, or "flourishing," stems from being virtuous and achieving one’s full capacity. He argued that happiness isn’t just a momentary joy but a state of being that is achieved by living a balanced and deliberate life. In contrast, the philosopher Epicurus proposed a simplified take, arguing that happiness is achieved by the pursuit of pleasure and the reduction of suffering—though, contrary to popular belief, he appreciated intellectual and spiritual pleasures over simple bodily pleasures.
In the modern era, and the pursuit of happiness remains relevant. Philosophers like Jean-Paul Sartre claimed that happiness is individual and linked to personal freedom, while others, like the utilitarian school of thought, propose business philosophy that happiness can be evaluated by the greatest good for the greatest number. The value of philosophical thought is that it doesn’t give a universal answer. Instead, it gives multiple perspectives, encouraging us to consider what happiness is for us personally. In a culture driven by achievement and economic success, philosophy shows us that happiness is a deeply personal journey, not a destination.